Juventus F.C.
Juventus Football Club S.p.A. (BIT: JUVE) (from Latin[4] iuventus: youth, pronounced [juˈvɛntus]), commonly referred to as Juventus and colloquially as Juve (pronounced [ˈjuːve]),[5] are a professional Italian association football club based in Turin, Piedmont. The club is the third oldest of its kind in the country and has spent the majority of its history, with the exception of the 2006–07 season, in the top flight First Division (known as Serie A since 1929).
Founded in 1897 as Sport Club Juventus by a group of young Torinese students,[3] among them, who was their firstpresident, Eugenio Canfari, and his brother Enrico, author of the company's historical memory;[6][7][8] they are managed by the industrial Agnelli family since 1923, which constitutes the oldest sporting partnership in Italy, thus making Juventus the first professional club in the country.[9][10] Over time, the club has become a symbol of the nation's cultureand italianità ("Italianness"),[11][12][13] due to their tradition of success, some of which have had a significant impact in Italian society, especially in the 1930s and the first postwar decade;[14] and the ideological politics and socio-economic origin of the club's sympathisers.[15] This is reflected, among others, in the club's contribution to the national team, uninterrupted since the second half of 1920s and recognised as one of the most influential in international football, having performed a decisive role in the World Cup triumphs of 1934, 1982 and 2006.[16][17] The club's fan base is larger than any other Italian football club and is one of the largest world-wide. Support for Juventus is widespread throughout the country and abroad, mainly in countries with a significant presence of Italian immigrants.[18][19]
Juventus are historically the most successful club in Italian football and one of the most laureated and important globally.[20][21][22] Overall, they have won fifty-three official titles on the national and international stage, more than any other Italian club: a record twenty-eight league titles, a record nine Italian cups and five national super cups and, with eleven titles in confederation and inter-confederation competitions (two Intercontinental Cups, two European Champion Clubs' Cup/UEFA Champions Leagues, one European Cup Winners' Cup, a record three UEFA Cups, one UEFA Intertoto Cup and two UEFA Super Cups) the club currently ranks fourth in Europe and eighth in the world with the most trophies won.[23] In 1985, under the management of Giovanni Trapattoni, who led the Torinese team to thirteen official trophies in ten years until 1986, including six league titles and five international titles; Juventus became the first club in the history of European football to have won all three major competitions organised by the Union of European Football Associations: the European Champions' Cup, the (now-defunct) Cup Winners' Cup and the UEFA Cup (the first Italian and Southern European side to win the tournament).[24][25][26] After their triumph in the Intercontinental Cup the same year, the club also became the first in football history—and remain the only one at present—to have won all possible official continental competitions and the world title.[27][28][29][30] According to the all-time ranking published in 2009 by the International Federation of Football History and Statistics, an organization recognised by FIFA, based on clubs' performance in international competitions, Juventus were Italy's best club and second in Europe of the 20th century.[22]
Founded in 1897 as Sport Club Juventus by a group of young Torinese students,[3] among them, who was their firstpresident, Eugenio Canfari, and his brother Enrico, author of the company's historical memory;[6][7][8] they are managed by the industrial Agnelli family since 1923, which constitutes the oldest sporting partnership in Italy, thus making Juventus the first professional club in the country.[9][10] Over time, the club has become a symbol of the nation's cultureand italianità ("Italianness"),[11][12][13] due to their tradition of success, some of which have had a significant impact in Italian society, especially in the 1930s and the first postwar decade;[14] and the ideological politics and socio-economic origin of the club's sympathisers.[15] This is reflected, among others, in the club's contribution to the national team, uninterrupted since the second half of 1920s and recognised as one of the most influential in international football, having performed a decisive role in the World Cup triumphs of 1934, 1982 and 2006.[16][17] The club's fan base is larger than any other Italian football club and is one of the largest world-wide. Support for Juventus is widespread throughout the country and abroad, mainly in countries with a significant presence of Italian immigrants.[18][19]
Juventus are historically the most successful club in Italian football and one of the most laureated and important globally.[20][21][22] Overall, they have won fifty-three official titles on the national and international stage, more than any other Italian club: a record twenty-eight league titles, a record nine Italian cups and five national super cups and, with eleven titles in confederation and inter-confederation competitions (two Intercontinental Cups, two European Champion Clubs' Cup/UEFA Champions Leagues, one European Cup Winners' Cup, a record three UEFA Cups, one UEFA Intertoto Cup and two UEFA Super Cups) the club currently ranks fourth in Europe and eighth in the world with the most trophies won.[23] In 1985, under the management of Giovanni Trapattoni, who led the Torinese team to thirteen official trophies in ten years until 1986, including six league titles and five international titles; Juventus became the first club in the history of European football to have won all three major competitions organised by the Union of European Football Associations: the European Champions' Cup, the (now-defunct) Cup Winners' Cup and the UEFA Cup (the first Italian and Southern European side to win the tournament).[24][25][26] After their triumph in the Intercontinental Cup the same year, the club also became the first in football history—and remain the only one at present—to have won all possible official continental competitions and the world title.[27][28][29][30] According to the all-time ranking published in 2009 by the International Federation of Football History and Statistics, an organization recognised by FIFA, based on clubs' performance in international competitions, Juventus were Italy's best club and second in Europe of the 20th century.[22]
Juventus interested in signing Didier Drogba from Shangai Shenhua
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Juventus general manager Giuseppe Marotta has admitted that the Serie A champions are interested in signing Didier Drogba from Shanghai Shenhua.
The Chelsea legend, who has reportedly failed to settle in China, is set to return to Europe just six months after leaving London to join Shenhua on a lucrative deal.
Drogba is reported to have an option to end his two-and-a-half year contract early and has been linked with Italian giants Juve and AC Milan.
Marotta confirmed Juve's interest when he told Domenica Sportiva: "You always explore your options and that's what we have done regarding Drogba. We have noted his availability,"
"We will now find out whether his financial demands are compatible with what we can offer. After that the matter will be further discussed with the coach.
"It's only normal that a club like Juventus are looking to strengthen as we want to win the Champions League again. It's not easy to find a solution that makes sense financially, too."
The 34-year-old striker is currently preparing for the Africa Cup of Nations with Cote d'Ivoire.
The Chelsea legend, who has reportedly failed to settle in China, is set to return to Europe just six months after leaving London to join Shenhua on a lucrative deal.
Drogba is reported to have an option to end his two-and-a-half year contract early and has been linked with Italian giants Juve and AC Milan.
Marotta confirmed Juve's interest when he told Domenica Sportiva: "You always explore your options and that's what we have done regarding Drogba. We have noted his availability,"
"We will now find out whether his financial demands are compatible with what we can offer. After that the matter will be further discussed with the coach.
"It's only normal that a club like Juventus are looking to strengthen as we want to win the Champions League again. It's not easy to find a solution that makes sense financially, too."
The 34-year-old striker is currently preparing for the Africa Cup of Nations with Cote d'Ivoire.
Goalkeeper Gianluigi Buffon has urged Juventus to show their class in the Coppa Italia quarter-finals
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Goalkeeper Gianluigi Buffon has called on his Juventus team-mates to prove why they are still the top team in Italy when the Bianconeri take on AC Milan in the quarter-finals of the Coppa Italia.
Defeat to Napoli in last summer's final was the only serious blip in an outstanding 2012 for Antonio Conte's men, who went through an entire Serie A season unbeaten and finished the calendar year with a record-breaking haul of 94 points.
Juve may lead the current standings by five points but their resolution to outstrip last year's achievements began with an inauspicious 2-1 home defeat to Sampdoria, with Buffon taking the blame for the first goal of Mauro Icardi's brace.
The Bianconeri's bid for a 10th Coppa Italia continues with a daunting tie against Milan, who are on the hunt for a first final appearance since 2003.
Addressing the fans via the Corriere dello Sport, Buffon said: "Unfortunately it was a really bad day and the team were not able to play in the way you are used to.
"Even I admit the first goal I conceded was totally avoidable. But a great team should be able to recover from this kind of setback.
"We will all learn from the mistakes we made to avoid repeating them and we will turn our disappointment into anger, the same kind of anger that saw us reach the top of the league.
"We must not forget that we are the champions of Italy and we have no intention of surrendering that title."
Resurgent Milan are eager to atone for last year's semi-final exit to the Turin giants, with midfielder Riccardo Montolivo taking heart from a 2-1 win over Siena.
"We're happy with the result and three important points," he told Tuttosport. "It was a good Sunday that allowed us to keep pace with our rivals.
"Now we are looking forward to a huge challenge against the Bianconeri in the Coppa Italia. It will be very tough at the Juventus Stadium but we want to get to the semi-finals."
Lazio are Juve's closest challenger in the league and are bidding for a first cup title since 2009, when they beat Sampdoria on penalties.
Catania, who have never reached the final, stand in their way and Biancocelesti head coach Vladimir Petkovic is out for revenge for a heavy 4-0 defeat in November.
He told the Corriere dello Sport: "We have a few motives to win tomorrow, in terms of pride and revenge, but we are also considering that there are just three matches separating us from the cup."
Catania boss Rolando Maran is suitably wary of Petkovic's intentions, telling La Repubblica: "We are meeting a confident Lazio side, galvanised by the possibility of winning Serie A.
"We would like need to repeat what we did to them in the league, but each encounter is different."
Next week's ties see Inter Milan welcome Bologna to the San Siro, with Roma travelling to Fiorentina in pursuit of a last-four berth.
Defeat to Napoli in last summer's final was the only serious blip in an outstanding 2012 for Antonio Conte's men, who went through an entire Serie A season unbeaten and finished the calendar year with a record-breaking haul of 94 points.
Juve may lead the current standings by five points but their resolution to outstrip last year's achievements began with an inauspicious 2-1 home defeat to Sampdoria, with Buffon taking the blame for the first goal of Mauro Icardi's brace.
The Bianconeri's bid for a 10th Coppa Italia continues with a daunting tie against Milan, who are on the hunt for a first final appearance since 2003.
Addressing the fans via the Corriere dello Sport, Buffon said: "Unfortunately it was a really bad day and the team were not able to play in the way you are used to.
"Even I admit the first goal I conceded was totally avoidable. But a great team should be able to recover from this kind of setback.
"We will all learn from the mistakes we made to avoid repeating them and we will turn our disappointment into anger, the same kind of anger that saw us reach the top of the league.
"We must not forget that we are the champions of Italy and we have no intention of surrendering that title."
Resurgent Milan are eager to atone for last year's semi-final exit to the Turin giants, with midfielder Riccardo Montolivo taking heart from a 2-1 win over Siena.
"We're happy with the result and three important points," he told Tuttosport. "It was a good Sunday that allowed us to keep pace with our rivals.
"Now we are looking forward to a huge challenge against the Bianconeri in the Coppa Italia. It will be very tough at the Juventus Stadium but we want to get to the semi-finals."
Lazio are Juve's closest challenger in the league and are bidding for a first cup title since 2009, when they beat Sampdoria on penalties.
Catania, who have never reached the final, stand in their way and Biancocelesti head coach Vladimir Petkovic is out for revenge for a heavy 4-0 defeat in November.
He told the Corriere dello Sport: "We have a few motives to win tomorrow, in terms of pride and revenge, but we are also considering that there are just three matches separating us from the cup."
Catania boss Rolando Maran is suitably wary of Petkovic's intentions, telling La Repubblica: "We are meeting a confident Lazio side, galvanised by the possibility of winning Serie A.
"We would like need to repeat what we did to them in the league, but each encounter is different."
Next week's ties see Inter Milan welcome Bologna to the San Siro, with Roma travelling to Fiorentina in pursuit of a last-four berth.
Antonio Conte quick to praise Sampdoria after their 2-1 win over Juventus
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Juventus coach Antonio Conte was quick to praise Sampdoria after the Blucerchiati claimed a shock 2-1 win over the Serie A leaders on Sunday.
Juve's players had been tasked with outstripping last year's record-breaking haul of 94 points and that mission certainly got off to an auspicious start when Sebastian Giovinco converted a penalty in the first half.
Samp defender Gaetano Berardi was dismissed for picking up two yellow cards before the break but the numerical advantage did little to further Juve's cause, as Mauro Icardi struck twice in the second half to inflict a third defeat of the season on the reigning champions.
And with Lazio and Napoli both picking up impressive wins - against Cagliari and Roma respectively - Juve's lead has been trimmed to just five points.
Conte remained philosophical, though, telling the club's website: "Let's congratulate Sampdoria. They did well and had a slice of luck.
"It's never easy to win at our place, but we need to conduct a deep analysis in order to work out exactly what happened.
"You can't lose games that you've dominated for long spells, where you go into the interval a goal to the good, playing against 10 men. I'm very disappointed about this.
"However, let's not forget that we're following a path of development and need to continue to keep our feet on the ground.
"Even more so now, given the month and a half of fixtures we have to face without important players."
Midfielder Claudio Marchisio will have a role to play in a busy six weeks, though, after tests revealed he had not suffered a serious injury during last night's match.
The 26-year-old was withdrawn 10 minutes from time with a suspected broken leg, but MRI scans subsequently revealed only a heavy bruise to his knee.
Matchwinning striker Icardi enjoyed possibly his best day in Samp colours since leaving Barcelona in 2011, scoring his first goals since a derby victory over Genoa with a well-taken brace.
The 19-year-old Argentinian told Gazzetta.it: "Was this the best day I've had in Italy? Yes, apart from the derby this was an absolutely incredible day.
"We're back to winning ways. We were a man down and had to fight, in this stadium you can't afford not to."
Samp's unlikely win, Delio Rossi's first since replacing Ciro Ferrara as head coach, sees them climb to 14th in the league table having arrested a run of three straight defeats.
Juve's players had been tasked with outstripping last year's record-breaking haul of 94 points and that mission certainly got off to an auspicious start when Sebastian Giovinco converted a penalty in the first half.
Samp defender Gaetano Berardi was dismissed for picking up two yellow cards before the break but the numerical advantage did little to further Juve's cause, as Mauro Icardi struck twice in the second half to inflict a third defeat of the season on the reigning champions.
And with Lazio and Napoli both picking up impressive wins - against Cagliari and Roma respectively - Juve's lead has been trimmed to just five points.
Conte remained philosophical, though, telling the club's website: "Let's congratulate Sampdoria. They did well and had a slice of luck.
"It's never easy to win at our place, but we need to conduct a deep analysis in order to work out exactly what happened.
"You can't lose games that you've dominated for long spells, where you go into the interval a goal to the good, playing against 10 men. I'm very disappointed about this.
"However, let's not forget that we're following a path of development and need to continue to keep our feet on the ground.
"Even more so now, given the month and a half of fixtures we have to face without important players."
Midfielder Claudio Marchisio will have a role to play in a busy six weeks, though, after tests revealed he had not suffered a serious injury during last night's match.
The 26-year-old was withdrawn 10 minutes from time with a suspected broken leg, but MRI scans subsequently revealed only a heavy bruise to his knee.
Matchwinning striker Icardi enjoyed possibly his best day in Samp colours since leaving Barcelona in 2011, scoring his first goals since a derby victory over Genoa with a well-taken brace.
The 19-year-old Argentinian told Gazzetta.it: "Was this the best day I've had in Italy? Yes, apart from the derby this was an absolutely incredible day.
"We're back to winning ways. We were a man down and had to fight, in this stadium you can't afford not to."
Samp's unlikely win, Delio Rossi's first since replacing Ciro Ferrara as head coach, sees them climb to 14th in the league table having arrested a run of three straight defeats.
Serie A returns with Juventus hosting Sampdoria and Lazio taking on Cagliari
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Tommaso Rocchi is set to make his Inter Milan debut at Udinese on Sunday, when Serie A leaders Juventus host Sampdoria.
Rocchi will embark on his Inter career this weekend with a clear aim in mind - to finish above former employers Lazio in the table.
The former Biancocelesti captain made the switch to the San Siro this week after becoming frustrated with a lack of first-team opportunities.
And with a nine-point deficit to Juve, he is focused on helping his new side into second place - they are currently third, trailing Lazio by a point ahead of Sunday's early clash away to Udinese.
"We'll be second in front of Lazio," Rocchi predicted on Sky Italia, before revealing his unhappiness prior to the move.
"In Rome, I was nothing but the deputy to (Miroslav) Klose," he said. "I was no longer considered for the team. I've already talked with (Inter coach Andrea) Stramaccioni about it, I will always put myself at his disposal ready for action."
Lazio host Cagliari on Saturday night before Juve take on Sampdoria on Sunday.
The Bianconeri will be weakened by the absence of defenders Giorgio Chiellini and Stephan Lichtsteiner, midfielders Kwadwo Asamoah and Simone Pepe and striker Nicklas Bendtner.
The defensive position, at least, could be strengthened with Atalanta's Federico Peluso expected to sign before the weekend - while the club are also looking to develop their squad in the longer term by opening talks with Athletic Bilbao striker Fernando Llorente over a summer move.
The Spain international is out of contract at the end of the season and a Bilbao statement read: "Juventus Football Club informed Athletic Club on January 3 that, knowing Fernando Llorente will end his stint at our club on June 30, 2013, they will begin negotiations with the player to incorporate him into their squad."
High-flying Fiorentina take on Pescara while the teams occupying fifth and sixth positions, Napoli and Roma, meet in Naples.
The hosts have been linked with Siena pair Emanuele Calaio and Neto, with Siena president Massimo Mezzaroma warning them they will have to pay a hefty fee.
"Calaio to Napoli? Emanuele is a key player for us and we know it," he told ANSA.
"We must meet the needs of Siena. Of course, to deprive us of Calaio, Napoli must pay the best price."
Roma would move ahead of their opponents with a victory and defender Nicolas Burdisso has called on them to improve their consistency after a first half of the campaign which brought 10 wins but also six defeats.
"In 2013 we must achieve continuity, that's the main thing." he told ANSA.
Siena - who are also prepared to listen to offers for Marcelo Larrondo, while sporting director Stefano Antonelli confirmed to Sky Italia his interest in Inter's Croatian striker Marko Livaja - travel to AC Milanon Sunday.
Milan are also at the centre of transfer discussions, with Alexandre Pato set to join Brazilian side Corinthians for a reported 15million euros (£12.2m) - much of which could be immediately reinvested in Anderlecht's Lucas Biglia.
The midfielder has been linked with the Rossoneri and his agent Enzo Montepaone told Tuttomercatoweb: "Lucas Biglia will leave Anderlecht in this transfer window. The boy would very willingly play in Italy."
Sunday's other games see Atalanta travel to Chievo while Genoa host Bologna and Parma face Palermo. Catania and Torino meet on Saturday.
Rocchi will embark on his Inter career this weekend with a clear aim in mind - to finish above former employers Lazio in the table.
The former Biancocelesti captain made the switch to the San Siro this week after becoming frustrated with a lack of first-team opportunities.
And with a nine-point deficit to Juve, he is focused on helping his new side into second place - they are currently third, trailing Lazio by a point ahead of Sunday's early clash away to Udinese.
"We'll be second in front of Lazio," Rocchi predicted on Sky Italia, before revealing his unhappiness prior to the move.
"In Rome, I was nothing but the deputy to (Miroslav) Klose," he said. "I was no longer considered for the team. I've already talked with (Inter coach Andrea) Stramaccioni about it, I will always put myself at his disposal ready for action."
Lazio host Cagliari on Saturday night before Juve take on Sampdoria on Sunday.
The Bianconeri will be weakened by the absence of defenders Giorgio Chiellini and Stephan Lichtsteiner, midfielders Kwadwo Asamoah and Simone Pepe and striker Nicklas Bendtner.
The defensive position, at least, could be strengthened with Atalanta's Federico Peluso expected to sign before the weekend - while the club are also looking to develop their squad in the longer term by opening talks with Athletic Bilbao striker Fernando Llorente over a summer move.
The Spain international is out of contract at the end of the season and a Bilbao statement read: "Juventus Football Club informed Athletic Club on January 3 that, knowing Fernando Llorente will end his stint at our club on June 30, 2013, they will begin negotiations with the player to incorporate him into their squad."
High-flying Fiorentina take on Pescara while the teams occupying fifth and sixth positions, Napoli and Roma, meet in Naples.
The hosts have been linked with Siena pair Emanuele Calaio and Neto, with Siena president Massimo Mezzaroma warning them they will have to pay a hefty fee.
"Calaio to Napoli? Emanuele is a key player for us and we know it," he told ANSA.
"We must meet the needs of Siena. Of course, to deprive us of Calaio, Napoli must pay the best price."
Roma would move ahead of their opponents with a victory and defender Nicolas Burdisso has called on them to improve their consistency after a first half of the campaign which brought 10 wins but also six defeats.
"In 2013 we must achieve continuity, that's the main thing." he told ANSA.
Siena - who are also prepared to listen to offers for Marcelo Larrondo, while sporting director Stefano Antonelli confirmed to Sky Italia his interest in Inter's Croatian striker Marko Livaja - travel to AC Milanon Sunday.
Milan are also at the centre of transfer discussions, with Alexandre Pato set to join Brazilian side Corinthians for a reported 15million euros (£12.2m) - much of which could be immediately reinvested in Anderlecht's Lucas Biglia.
The midfielder has been linked with the Rossoneri and his agent Enzo Montepaone told Tuttomercatoweb: "Lucas Biglia will leave Anderlecht in this transfer window. The boy would very willingly play in Italy."
Sunday's other games see Atalanta travel to Chievo while Genoa host Bologna and Parma face Palermo. Catania and Torino meet on Saturday.
Serie A title hopefuls Juventus were beaten 2-1 at home by 10-man Sampdoria on Sunday
![Picture](/uploads/8/1/8/7/8187088/868132142.jpg)
Serie A title hopefuls Juventus started the new year in a less than convincing fashion as they were beaten 2-1 at home by 10-man Sampdoria.
Knowing a win would restore their eight-point cushion over Lazio,the Old Lady were undone by a brace from Mauro Icardi. Sebastian Giovinco's early penalty had put them ahead, and when Gaetano Berardi was sent off, it looked to be a stroll for Juve, but Icardi had other ideas.
Napoli are third, seven points behind, after a 4-1 drubbing of Roma in Sunday's evening kick-off. Edinson Cavani was the star of the show, displaying why he is one of the most sought-after players on the planet, scoring a brilliant hat-trick to see off the 10-man capital club.
Cavani scored either side of half-time and soon made it eight from 11 appearances against Roma. Pablo Osvaldo did pull one back, but Miralem Pjanic was then sent off and Christian Maggio added a fourth.
Juventus were not the only side to miss a trick on Sunday as Fiorentina, sitting in fourth, lost 2-0 at home to struggling Pescara. Mattia Perin kept La Viola at bay throughout a one-sided first-half, but in the second period goals from Jonathas and Mervan Celik turned things around.
Inter Milan also found their luck had run out as they were humbled 3-0 at Udinese, with their performance a far cry from the form they had displayed in the months leading up to Christmas. Antonio Di Natale was on target twice with Luis Muriel also scoring for Francesco Guidolin's side, who were aided by a red card for Juan Jesus in the 65th minute.
AC Milan were able to take advantage of the slow movers above them, closing the gap on the top six thanks to a 2-1 win over Siena. Second-half goals from Bojan Krkic and Giampaolo Pazzini earned the Rossoneri the points with Michele Paolucci scoring a late consolation for the Tuscans, who remain rooted to the foot of the table, six points adrift of safety.
Elsewhere, Isaac Cofie's first goal for Chievo settled a narrow 1-0 victory over Atalanta that keeps the Gialloblu in the hunt for a top-half finish, and Marco Borriello struck a second-half brace to help Genoa down fellow strugglers Bologna 2-0 and claim only their fourth league win of the season.
In the day's other game, a last-gasp goal from substitute Amauri condemned his former club Palermoto another defeat at Parma, the home side winning 2-1.
Knowing a win would restore their eight-point cushion over Lazio,the Old Lady were undone by a brace from Mauro Icardi. Sebastian Giovinco's early penalty had put them ahead, and when Gaetano Berardi was sent off, it looked to be a stroll for Juve, but Icardi had other ideas.
Napoli are third, seven points behind, after a 4-1 drubbing of Roma in Sunday's evening kick-off. Edinson Cavani was the star of the show, displaying why he is one of the most sought-after players on the planet, scoring a brilliant hat-trick to see off the 10-man capital club.
Cavani scored either side of half-time and soon made it eight from 11 appearances against Roma. Pablo Osvaldo did pull one back, but Miralem Pjanic was then sent off and Christian Maggio added a fourth.
Juventus were not the only side to miss a trick on Sunday as Fiorentina, sitting in fourth, lost 2-0 at home to struggling Pescara. Mattia Perin kept La Viola at bay throughout a one-sided first-half, but in the second period goals from Jonathas and Mervan Celik turned things around.
Inter Milan also found their luck had run out as they were humbled 3-0 at Udinese, with their performance a far cry from the form they had displayed in the months leading up to Christmas. Antonio Di Natale was on target twice with Luis Muriel also scoring for Francesco Guidolin's side, who were aided by a red card for Juan Jesus in the 65th minute.
AC Milan were able to take advantage of the slow movers above them, closing the gap on the top six thanks to a 2-1 win over Siena. Second-half goals from Bojan Krkic and Giampaolo Pazzini earned the Rossoneri the points with Michele Paolucci scoring a late consolation for the Tuscans, who remain rooted to the foot of the table, six points adrift of safety.
Elsewhere, Isaac Cofie's first goal for Chievo settled a narrow 1-0 victory over Atalanta that keeps the Gialloblu in the hunt for a top-half finish, and Marco Borriello struck a second-half brace to help Genoa down fellow strugglers Bologna 2-0 and claim only their fourth league win of the season.
In the day's other game, a last-gasp goal from substitute Amauri condemned his former club Palermoto another defeat at Parma, the home side winning 2-1.
Antonio Conte reveals Juventus interest in Fernando Llorente
![Picture](/uploads/8/1/8/7/8187088/478038876.jpg)
Juventus boss Antonio Conte admits the club are keen to sign Athletic Bilbao striker Fernando Llorente in the summer.
The 27-year-old's contract expires at the end of the season and he can begin discussions with any potential new clubs from this month.
His availability has sparked a flurry of interest from major clubs across Europe, with Serie A frontrunners Juve credited with a long-standing interest.
When asked about any move for the Spain international Conte admitted he was keen to pursue a deal, especially as the striker would not command a transfer fee.
"He [Llorente] did very well at Athletic Bilbao and in the current economic climate if there is a chance to take a great player at no cost, it is right to do it," said the 43-year-old.
"18 months ago Llorente would not even take us into consideration but today, yes, because we have a certain appeal again."
The 27-year-old's contract expires at the end of the season and he can begin discussions with any potential new clubs from this month.
His availability has sparked a flurry of interest from major clubs across Europe, with Serie A frontrunners Juve credited with a long-standing interest.
When asked about any move for the Spain international Conte admitted he was keen to pursue a deal, especially as the striker would not command a transfer fee.
"He [Llorente] did very well at Athletic Bilbao and in the current economic climate if there is a chance to take a great player at no cost, it is right to do it," said the 43-year-old.
"18 months ago Llorente would not even take us into consideration but today, yes, because we have a certain appeal again."
Rossi: 'An incredible achievement'
![Picture](/uploads/8/1/8/7/8187088/478515338.jpg)
Delio Rossi gave the credit to his Sampdoria players for beating Juventusafter playing with 10 men for an hour in Turin.
They seemed doomed when Gaetano Berardi was sent off, but Mauro Icardi’sbrace turned it around for a shock 2-1 victory.
“I am very happy, above all for the guys, as this was an incredible achievement,” said Rossi less than a month after taking over from CiroFerrara.
“We won against the champions of Italy while playing with 10 men. I made a tactical adjustment during the half-time break, but the lads were amazing in completing this comeback.
“Perhaps Juve weren’t as unstoppable as in previous occasions and it certainly wasn’t their best performance.
“I had to put faith in the players and I think they have the quality needed to survive in Serie A. We have to find at least three teams to put behind us in the table and so far it is happening.”
Rossi revolutionised Sampdoria with a 3-5-2 system and midfielder AngeloPalombo at centre-back.
“Palombo is an experienced player in a very young squad. I don’t know why he was left out for the rest of the season, but he has the right character to play in defence.
“As for Icardi, I find it ridiculous that we were expected to send him to an Under-20 tournament when he’d have a much better chance of making his mark against Juventus.”
They seemed doomed when Gaetano Berardi was sent off, but Mauro Icardi’sbrace turned it around for a shock 2-1 victory.
“I am very happy, above all for the guys, as this was an incredible achievement,” said Rossi less than a month after taking over from CiroFerrara.
“We won against the champions of Italy while playing with 10 men. I made a tactical adjustment during the half-time break, but the lads were amazing in completing this comeback.
“Perhaps Juve weren’t as unstoppable as in previous occasions and it certainly wasn’t their best performance.
“I had to put faith in the players and I think they have the quality needed to survive in Serie A. We have to find at least three teams to put behind us in the table and so far it is happening.”
Rossi revolutionised Sampdoria with a 3-5-2 system and midfielder AngeloPalombo at centre-back.
“Palombo is an experienced player in a very young squad. I don’t know why he was left out for the rest of the season, but he has the right character to play in defence.
“As for Icardi, I find it ridiculous that we were expected to send him to an Under-20 tournament when he’d have a much better chance of making his mark against Juventus.”
Juve stunned by 10-man Samp!
![Picture](/uploads/8/1/8/7/8187088/794792666.jpg)
It could well be the shock of the season, as leaders Juventus were beaten 2-1 in Turin by 10-man Sampdoria!
Atalanta's Federico Peluso is poised to join Serie A champions Juventus
![Picture](/uploads/8/1/8/7/8187088/853093016.jpg)
Atalanta defender Federico Peluso is poised to join Serie A champions Juventus for the rest of the season after undergoing a medical in Turin.
The 28-year-old was the subject of a failed approach from Juve in the summer but the league leaders have moved to recruit the Italy international once again.
A statement on juventus.com read: "Federico Peluso is having medical tests in Turin this morning. After a series of examinations at the Clinica Fornaca di Sessant, he will undergo further tests at the Instituto di Medicina dello Sport."
Bianconeri boss Antonio Conte, whose side lead Serie A by eight points, is looking for cover at the back given the recent departure of Brazilian veteran Lucio and the absence of vice-captain Giorgio Chiellinithrough injury.
Equally comfortable at centre-back and at left full-back, Peluso has made over 100 appearances forAtalanta and made his international debut from the bench in Italy's friendly defeat to England in August.
The 28-year-old was the subject of a failed approach from Juve in the summer but the league leaders have moved to recruit the Italy international once again.
A statement on juventus.com read: "Federico Peluso is having medical tests in Turin this morning. After a series of examinations at the Clinica Fornaca di Sessant, he will undergo further tests at the Instituto di Medicina dello Sport."
Bianconeri boss Antonio Conte, whose side lead Serie A by eight points, is looking for cover at the back given the recent departure of Brazilian veteran Lucio and the absence of vice-captain Giorgio Chiellinithrough injury.
Equally comfortable at centre-back and at left full-back, Peluso has made over 100 appearances forAtalanta and made his international debut from the bench in Italy's friendly defeat to England in August.
Sport
![Picture](/uploads/8/1/8/7/8187088/199415467.jpg)
Sport (or, primarily in North America, sports) is all forms of competitive physical activity which,[1] through casual or organised participation, aim to use, maintain or improve physical ability and provide entertainment to participants.[2]Hundreds of sports exist, from those requiring only two participants, through to those with hundreds of simultaneous participants, either in teams or competing as individuals.
Sport is generally recognised as activities which are based in physical athleticism or physical dexterity, with the largest major competitions such as the Olympic Games admitting only sports meeting this definition,[3] and other organisations such as the Council of Europe using definitions precluding activities without a physical element from classification as sports.[2] However, a number of competitive, but non-physical, activities claim recognition as mind sports. The International Olympic Committee (through ARISF) recognises both chess and bridge as bona fide sports, and SportAccord, the international sports federation association, recognises five non-physical sports,[4][5] although limits the amount of mind games which can be admitted as sports.[1]
Sports are usually governed by a set of rules or customs, which serve to ensure fair competition, and allow consistent adjudication of the winner. Winning can be determined by physical events such as scoring goals or crossing a line first, or by the determination of judges who are scoring elements of the sporting performance, including objective or subjective measures such as technical performance or artistic impression.
In organised sport, records of performance are often kept, and for popular sports, this information may be widely announced or reported in sport news. In addition, sport is a major source of entertainment for non-participants, with spectator sports drawing large crowds to venues, and reaching wider audiences through sports broadcasting.
Sport is generally recognised as activities which are based in physical athleticism or physical dexterity, with the largest major competitions such as the Olympic Games admitting only sports meeting this definition,[3] and other organisations such as the Council of Europe using definitions precluding activities without a physical element from classification as sports.[2] However, a number of competitive, but non-physical, activities claim recognition as mind sports. The International Olympic Committee (through ARISF) recognises both chess and bridge as bona fide sports, and SportAccord, the international sports federation association, recognises five non-physical sports,[4][5] although limits the amount of mind games which can be admitted as sports.[1]
Sports are usually governed by a set of rules or customs, which serve to ensure fair competition, and allow consistent adjudication of the winner. Winning can be determined by physical events such as scoring goals or crossing a line first, or by the determination of judges who are scoring elements of the sporting performance, including objective or subjective measures such as technical performance or artistic impression.
In organised sport, records of performance are often kept, and for popular sports, this information may be widely announced or reported in sport news. In addition, sport is a major source of entertainment for non-participants, with spectator sports drawing large crowds to venues, and reaching wider audiences through sports broadcasting.
Etymology
"Sport" comes from the Old French desport meaning "leisure", with the oldest definition in English from around 1300 being "anything humans find amusing or entertaining".[6]
The Chinese term for sport, tiyu (体育; 體育) connotes physical training. The modern Greek term for sport is Αθλητισμός (athlitismos), directly cognate with the English terms "athlete" and "athleticism".
Other meanings include gambling and events staged for the purpose of gambling; hunting; and games and diversions, including ones that require exercise.[7] Roget's defines the noun sport as an "activity engaged in for relaxation and amusement" with synonyms including diversion and recreation.[8]
The Chinese term for sport, tiyu (体育; 體育) connotes physical training. The modern Greek term for sport is Αθλητισμός (athlitismos), directly cognate with the English terms "athlete" and "athleticism".
Other meanings include gambling and events staged for the purpose of gambling; hunting; and games and diversions, including ones that require exercise.[7] Roget's defines the noun sport as an "activity engaged in for relaxation and amusement" with synonyms including diversion and recreation.[8]
Nomenclature
The singular term 'sport' is used in most English dialects to describe the overall concept (e.g. "children taking part in sport"), with 'sports' used to describe multiple activities (e.g. "football and rugby are the most popular sports in England"). American English uses 'sports' for both terms.
Definition
See also: Game#Definitions
Show Jumping, an equestrian sport
The precise definition of what separates a sport from other leisure activities varies between sources, with no universally agreed definition. The closest to an international agreement on a definition is provided by SportAccord, which is the association for all the largest international sports federations (including association football, athletics, cycling, tennis, equestrian sports and more), and is therefore the de factorepresentative of international sport.
SportAccord uses the following criteria, determining that a sport should:[1]
There has been an increase in the application of the term 'sport' to a wider set of non-physical challenges such as electronic sports, especially due to the large scale of participation and organised competition, but these are not widely recognised by mainstream sports organisations.
Show Jumping, an equestrian sport
The precise definition of what separates a sport from other leisure activities varies between sources, with no universally agreed definition. The closest to an international agreement on a definition is provided by SportAccord, which is the association for all the largest international sports federations (including association football, athletics, cycling, tennis, equestrian sports and more), and is therefore the de factorepresentative of international sport.
SportAccord uses the following criteria, determining that a sport should:[1]
- have an element of competition
- be in no way harmful to any living creature
- not rely on equipment provided by a single supplier (excluding proprietary games such as arena football)
- not rely on any 'luck' element specifically designed in to the sport
There has been an increase in the application of the term 'sport' to a wider set of non-physical challenges such as electronic sports, especially due to the large scale of participation and organised competition, but these are not widely recognised by mainstream sports organisations.
Competition
There are opposing views on the necessity of competition as a defining element of a sport, with almost all professional sport involving competition, and governing bodies requiring competition as a prerequisite of recognition by the IOC or SportAccord.[1]
Other bodies advocate widening the definition of sport to include all physical activity. For instance, the Council of Europe include all forms of physical exercise, including those completed just for fun.
In order to widen participation, and reduce the impact of losing on less able participants, there has been an introduction of non-competitive physical activity to traditionally competitive events such as school sports days, although moves like this are often controversial.[9][10]
Other bodies advocate widening the definition of sport to include all physical activity. For instance, the Council of Europe include all forms of physical exercise, including those completed just for fun.
In order to widen participation, and reduce the impact of losing on less able participants, there has been an introduction of non-competitive physical activity to traditionally competitive events such as school sports days, although moves like this are often controversial.[9][10]
History
![Picture](/uploads/8/1/8/7/8187088/197692758.jpg)
There are artifacts and structures that suggest that the Chinese engaged in sporting activities as early as 2000 BC.[11] Gymnastics appears to have been a popular sport in China's ancient past. Monuments to the Pharaohs indicate that a number of sports, including swimming and fishing, were well-developed and regulated several thousands of years ago in ancient Egypt.[12] Other Egyptian sports included javelin throwing, high jump, and wrestling. Ancient Persian sports such as the traditional Iranian martial art of Zourkhaneh had a close connection to the warfare skills.[13] Among other sports that originate in ancient Persia are polo and jousting.
Motorized sports have appeared since the advent of the modern age
A wide range of sports were already established by the time of Ancient Greece and the military culture and the development of sports in Greece influenced one another considerably. Sports became such a prominent part of their culture that the Greeks created the Olympic Games, which in ancient times were held every four years in a small village in the Peloponnesus called Olympia.[14]
Sports have been increasingly organised and regulated from the time of the ancient Olympics up to the present century. Industrialisation has brought increased leisure time to the citizens of developed and developing countries, leading to more time for citizens to attend and follow spectator sports, greater participation in athletic activities, and increased accessibility. These trends continued with the advent of mass media and global communication. Professionalism became prevalent, further adding to the increase in sport's popularity, as sports fans began following the exploits of professional athletes through radio, television, and the internet — all while enjoying the exercise and competition associated with amateur participation in sports.
Motorized sports have appeared since the advent of the modern age
A wide range of sports were already established by the time of Ancient Greece and the military culture and the development of sports in Greece influenced one another considerably. Sports became such a prominent part of their culture that the Greeks created the Olympic Games, which in ancient times were held every four years in a small village in the Peloponnesus called Olympia.[14]
Sports have been increasingly organised and regulated from the time of the ancient Olympics up to the present century. Industrialisation has brought increased leisure time to the citizens of developed and developing countries, leading to more time for citizens to attend and follow spectator sports, greater participation in athletic activities, and increased accessibility. These trends continued with the advent of mass media and global communication. Professionalism became prevalent, further adding to the increase in sport's popularity, as sports fans began following the exploits of professional athletes through radio, television, and the internet — all while enjoying the exercise and competition associated with amateur participation in sports.
Sportsmanship
Sportsmanship is an attitude that strives for fair play, courtesy toward teammates and opponents, ethical behaviour and integrity, and grace in victory or defeat.[15][16][17]
Sportsmanship expresses an aspiration or ethos that the activity will be enjoyed for its own sake. The well-known sentiment by sports journalist Grantland Rice, that it's “not that you won or lost but how you played the game", and the modern Olympic creed expressed by its founder Pierre de Coubertin: "The most important thing... is not winning but taking part" are typical expressions of this sentiment.
Sportsmanship expresses an aspiration or ethos that the activity will be enjoyed for its own sake. The well-known sentiment by sports journalist Grantland Rice, that it's “not that you won or lost but how you played the game", and the modern Olympic creed expressed by its founder Pierre de Coubertin: "The most important thing... is not winning but taking part" are typical expressions of this sentiment.
Cheating
Key tenets of sport include that the result should not be predetermined, and that both sides should have equal opportunity to win. Rules are in place to ensure that fair play to occur, but participants can break these rules in order to gain advantage.
Participants may choose to cheat in order to satisfy their desire to win, or in order to achieve an ulterior motive. The widespread existence of gambling on the results of sports fixtures creates the motivation for match fixing, where a participant or participants deliberately work to ensure a given outcome.
Participants may choose to cheat in order to satisfy their desire to win, or in order to achieve an ulterior motive. The widespread existence of gambling on the results of sports fixtures creates the motivation for match fixing, where a participant or participants deliberately work to ensure a given outcome.
Doping and drugs
The competitive nature of sport encourages some participants to attempt to enhance their performance through the use of medicines, or through other means such as increasing the volume of blood in their bodies through artificial means.
All sports recognised by the IOC or SportAccord are required to implement a testing programme, looking for a list of banned drugs, with suspensions or bans being placed on participants who test positive for banned substances.
All sports recognised by the IOC or SportAccord are required to implement a testing programme, looking for a list of banned drugs, with suspensions or bans being placed on participants who test positive for banned substances.
Violence
Violence in sports involves crossing the line between fair competition and intentional aggressive violence. Athletes, coaches, fans, and parents sometimes unleash violent behaviour on people or property, in misguided shows of loyalty, dominance, anger, or celebration. Rioting or hooliganism are common and ongoing problems at national and international sporting contests.
Gender participation
Female participation continues to rise alongside the opportunity for involvement and the value of sports for child development and physical fitness. Despite gains during the last three decades, a gap persists in the enrollment figures between male and female players. Female players account for 39% of the total participation in US interscholastic athletics. Gender balance has been accelerating from a 32% increase in 1973–74 to a 63% increase in 1994–95. Hessel (2000)[full citation needed].
Youth participation
Youth sports present children with opportunities for fun, socialization, forming peer relationships, physical fitness, and athletic scholarships. Activists for education and the war on drugs encourage youth sports as a means to increase educational participation and to fight the illegal drug trade. According to the Center for Injury Research and Policy at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, the biggest risk for youth sports is death or serious injury including concussion, with the highest risk coming from running, basketball, football, volleyball, soccer, and gymnastics.[18]
Spectator involvement
The competition element of sport, along with the aesthetic appeal of some sports, result in the popularity of people attending to watch sport being played. This has led to the specific phenomenon of spectator sport.
Both amateur and professional sports attract spectators, both in person at the sport venue, and through broadcast mediums includingradio, television and internet broadcast. Both attendance in person and viewing remotely can incur a sometimes substantial charge, such as an entrance ticket, or pay-per-view television broadcast.
It is common for popular sports to attract large broadcast audiences, leading to rival broadcasters bidding large amounts of money for the rights to show certain fixtures. The football World Cup attracts a global television audience of hundreds of millions; the 2006 final alone attracted an estimated worldwide audience of well over 700 million and the 2007 Cricket World Cup attracted about 2.3 Billion worldwide viewers.[citation needed]
In the United States, the championship game of the NFL, the Super Bowl, has become one of the most watched television broadcasts of the year.[citation needed] Super Bowl Sunday is a de facto national holiday in America; the viewership being so great that in 2007 advertising space was reported as being sold at $2.6m for a 30 second slot
Both amateur and professional sports attract spectators, both in person at the sport venue, and through broadcast mediums includingradio, television and internet broadcast. Both attendance in person and viewing remotely can incur a sometimes substantial charge, such as an entrance ticket, or pay-per-view television broadcast.
It is common for popular sports to attract large broadcast audiences, leading to rival broadcasters bidding large amounts of money for the rights to show certain fixtures. The football World Cup attracts a global television audience of hundreds of millions; the 2006 final alone attracted an estimated worldwide audience of well over 700 million and the 2007 Cricket World Cup attracted about 2.3 Billion worldwide viewers.[citation needed]
In the United States, the championship game of the NFL, the Super Bowl, has become one of the most watched television broadcasts of the year.[citation needed] Super Bowl Sunday is a de facto national holiday in America; the viewership being so great that in 2007 advertising space was reported as being sold at $2.6m for a 30 second slot
Amateur and professional
![Picture](/uploads/8/1/8/7/8187088/431250212.jpg)
Sport can be undertaken on an amateur, professional or semi-professional basis, depending on whether particpants are incentivised for participation (usually through payment of a wage or salary).
The popularity of spectator sport as a recreation for non-participants has led to sport becoming a major business in its own right, and this has incentivised a high paying professional sport culture, where high performing participants are rewarded with pay far in excess of average wages, which can run in to millions of dollars.[19]
Some sports, or individual competitions within a sport, retain a policy of allowing only amateur sport. The Olympic Games started with a principle of amateur competition with those who practiced a sport professionally considered to have an unfair advantage over those who practiced it merely as a hobby.[20] Following the 1988 games, the IOC decided to make all professional athletes eligible for the Olympics, with only boxing and wrestling still competed on an "amateur" basis, although this revolves around rules, and not payment.
Grassroots sport is a popular phrase which covers the amateur participation in sport at lower levels, normally without pretension towards higher achievement, and is in line with the "sport for all" mentality, where enjoyment is the primary reason for participation.[2][21]
TechnologyTechnology plays an important part in modern sport, with it being a necessary part of some sports (such as motorsport), and used in others to improve performance.
Sports science is a widespread academic discipline, and can be applied to areas including athlete performance, such as the use of video analysis to fine tune technique, or to equipment, such as improved running shoes or competitive swimwear.
In order to control the impact of technology on fair play, governing bodies frequently have specific rules designed to control the impact of technical advantage between participants.
The popularity of spectator sport as a recreation for non-participants has led to sport becoming a major business in its own right, and this has incentivised a high paying professional sport culture, where high performing participants are rewarded with pay far in excess of average wages, which can run in to millions of dollars.[19]
Some sports, or individual competitions within a sport, retain a policy of allowing only amateur sport. The Olympic Games started with a principle of amateur competition with those who practiced a sport professionally considered to have an unfair advantage over those who practiced it merely as a hobby.[20] Following the 1988 games, the IOC decided to make all professional athletes eligible for the Olympics, with only boxing and wrestling still competed on an "amateur" basis, although this revolves around rules, and not payment.
Grassroots sport is a popular phrase which covers the amateur participation in sport at lower levels, normally without pretension towards higher achievement, and is in line with the "sport for all" mentality, where enjoyment is the primary reason for participation.[2][21]
TechnologyTechnology plays an important part in modern sport, with it being a necessary part of some sports (such as motorsport), and used in others to improve performance.
Sports science is a widespread academic discipline, and can be applied to areas including athlete performance, such as the use of video analysis to fine tune technique, or to equipment, such as improved running shoes or competitive swimwear.
In order to control the impact of technology on fair play, governing bodies frequently have specific rules designed to control the impact of technical advantage between participants.
Politics
Sports and politics can influence each other greatly.
When apartheid was the official policy in South Africa, many sports people, particularly in rugby union, adopted the conscientious approach that they should not appear in competitive sports there. Some feel this was an effective contribution to the eventual demolition of the policy of apartheid, others feel that it may have prolonged and reinforced its worst effects.[22]
The 1936 Summer Olympics held in Berlin was an illustration, perhaps best recognised in retrospect, where an ideology was developing which used the event to strengthen its spread through propaganda.
In the history of Ireland, Gaelic sports were connected with cultural nationalism. Until the mid 20th century a person could have been banned from playing Gaelic football, hurling, or other sports administered by the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) if she/he played or supported football, or other games seen to be of British origin. Until recently the GAA continued to ban the playing of football and rugby union at Gaelic venues. This ban is still enforced, but was modified to allow football and rugby to be played in Croke Park whileLansdowne Road was redeveloped into Aviva Stadium. Until recently, under Rule 21, the GAA also banned members of the British security forces and members of the RUC from playing Gaelic games, but the advent of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998 led to the eventual removal of the ban.
Nationalism is often evident in the pursuit of sports, or in its reporting: people compete in national teams, or commentators and audiences can adopt a partisan view. On occasion, such tensions can lead to violent confrontation among players or spectators within and beyond the sporting venue, as in the Football War. These trends are seen by many as contrary to the fundamental ethos of sports being carried on for its own sake and for the enjoyment of its participants.
A very famous case when sports and politics colided was the 1972 Olympics in Munich. Masked men entered the hotel of the Israeli olympic team and killed many of their men. This was known as the Munich massacre.
When apartheid was the official policy in South Africa, many sports people, particularly in rugby union, adopted the conscientious approach that they should not appear in competitive sports there. Some feel this was an effective contribution to the eventual demolition of the policy of apartheid, others feel that it may have prolonged and reinforced its worst effects.[22]
The 1936 Summer Olympics held in Berlin was an illustration, perhaps best recognised in retrospect, where an ideology was developing which used the event to strengthen its spread through propaganda.
In the history of Ireland, Gaelic sports were connected with cultural nationalism. Until the mid 20th century a person could have been banned from playing Gaelic football, hurling, or other sports administered by the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) if she/he played or supported football, or other games seen to be of British origin. Until recently the GAA continued to ban the playing of football and rugby union at Gaelic venues. This ban is still enforced, but was modified to allow football and rugby to be played in Croke Park whileLansdowne Road was redeveloped into Aviva Stadium. Until recently, under Rule 21, the GAA also banned members of the British security forces and members of the RUC from playing Gaelic games, but the advent of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998 led to the eventual removal of the ban.
Nationalism is often evident in the pursuit of sports, or in its reporting: people compete in national teams, or commentators and audiences can adopt a partisan view. On occasion, such tensions can lead to violent confrontation among players or spectators within and beyond the sporting venue, as in the Football War. These trends are seen by many as contrary to the fundamental ethos of sports being carried on for its own sake and for the enjoyment of its participants.
A very famous case when sports and politics colided was the 1972 Olympics in Munich. Masked men entered the hotel of the Israeli olympic team and killed many of their men. This was known as the Munich massacre.
See also
- Outline of sports
- List of sportspeople
- List of sports attendance figures
- List of professional sports leagues
- International sports calendar
- Athletic sports
- Combat sport
- Disabled sports
- Electronic sports
- Handedness#Advantage in sports
- Mind sport
- Most popular sport by country
- Motor sports
- Multi-sport events
- National sport
- Nationalism and sports
- Olympic Games
- Paralympic Games
- Sponsorship
- Sport in film
- Sport governing bodies
- Sport Psychology
- Sports club
- Sports coaching
- Sports commentator
- Sports equipment
- Sports fan
- Sports injuries
- Sports league attendances
- Sports marketing
- Sports terms named after people
- Sports trainer
- Sportsperson
- Women's sports
- Water sports
References
- ^ a b c d e "Definition of sport". SportAccord.
- ^ a b c Council of Europe. "The Europien sport charter". Retrieved 2012-03-05.
- ^ "List of Summer and Winter Olympic Sports and Events". The Olympic Movement.
- ^ "World Mind Games". SportAccord.
- ^ "Members". SportAccord.
- ^ Harper, Douglas. "sport (n.)". Online Etymological Dictionary. Retrieved 20 April 2008.
- ^ Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged. Springfield, MA: G&C Merriam Company. 1967. p. 2206.
- ^ Roget's II: The New Thesaurus, Third Edition. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 1995. ISBN 0-618-25414-5.
- ^ front, Rebecca (2011-07-17). "A little competition". The Guardian.
- ^ Scrimgeour, Heidi (2011-06-17). "Why parents hate school sports day". ParentDish.
- ^ "Sports History in China".
- ^ "Mr Ahmed D. Touny (EGY), IOC Member".
- ^ "Persian warriors".
- ^ "Ancient Olympic Games".
- ^ "Sportsmanship". Merriam-Webster.
- ^ Fish, Joel; Magee, Susan (2003). 101 Ways to Be a Terrific Sports Parent. Fireside. p. 168.
- ^ Lacey, David (2007-11-10). "It takes a bad loser to become a good winner". The Guardian.
- ^ "Gym class injuries up 150% between 1997 and 2007", Time, 4 August 2009
- ^ Freedman, Jonah. "Fortunate 50 2011". Sports Illustrated.
- ^ Eassom, Simon (1994). Critical Reflections on Olympic Ideology. Ontario: The Centre for Olympic Studies. pp. 120–123. ISBN 0-7714-1697-0.
- ^ European Commission. "The White Paper on Sport". Retrieved 11.7.2007.
- ^ "Sport and apartheid".
- European Commission (2007), The White Paper on Sport.
- Council of Europe (2001), The Europien sport charter.
soccer
Juventus Football Club S.p.A. (BIT: JUVE) (from Latin[4] iuventus: youth, pronounced [juˈvɛntus]), commonly referred to as Juventus and colloquially as Juve (pronounced [ˈjuːve]),[5] are a professional Italian association football club based in Turin, Piedmont. The club is the third oldest of its kind in the country and has spent the majority of its history, with the exception of the 2006–07 season, in the top flight First Division (known as Serie A since 1929).
Founded in 1897 as Sport Club Juventus by a group of young Torinese students,[3] among them, who was their firstpresident, Eugenio Canfari, and his brother Enrico, author of the company's historical memory;[6][7][8] they are managed by the industrial Agnelli family since 1923, which constitutes the oldest sporting partnership in Italy, thus making Juventus the first professional club in the country.[9][10] Over time, the club has become a symbol of the nation's cultureand italianità ("Italianness"),[11][12][13] due to their tradition of success, some of which have had a significant impact in Italian society, especially in the 1930s and the first postwar decade;[14] and the ideological politics and socio-economic origin of the club's sympathisers.[15] This is reflected, among others, in the club's contribution to the national team, uninterrupted since the second half of 1920s and recognised as one of the most influential in international football, having performed a decisive role in the World Cup triumphs of 1934, 1982 and 2006.[16][17] The club's fan base is larger than any other Italian football club and is one of the largest world-wide. Support for Juventus is widespread throughout the country and abroad, mainly in countries with a significant presence of Italian immigrants.[18][19]
Juventus are historically the most successful club in Italian football and one of the most laureated and important globally.[20][21][22] Overall, they have won fifty-three official titles on the national and international stage, more than any other Italian club: a record twenty-eight league titles, a record nine Italian cups and five national super cups and, with eleven titles in confederation and inter-confederation competitions (two Intercontinental Cups, two European Champion Clubs' Cup/UEFA Champions Leagues, one European Cup Winners' Cup, a record three UEFA Cups, one UEFA Intertoto Cup and two UEFA Super Cups) the club currently ranks fourth in Europe and eighth in the world with the most trophies won.[23] In 1985, under the management of Giovanni Trapattoni, who led the Torinese team to thirteen official trophies in ten years until 1986, including six league titles and five international titles; Juventus became the first club in the history of European football to have won all three major competitions organised by the Union of European Football Associations: the European Champions' Cup, the (now-defunct) Cup Winners' Cup and the UEFA Cup (the first Italian and Southern European side to win the tournament).[24][25][26] After their triumph in the Intercontinental Cup the same year, the club also became the first in football history—and remain the only one at present—to have won all possible official continental competitions and the world title.[27][28][29][30] According to the all-time ranking published in 2009 by the International Federation of Football History and Statistics, an organization recognised by FIFA, based on clubs' performance in international competitions, Juventus were Italy's best club and second in Europe of the 20th century.[
Founded in 1897 as Sport Club Juventus by a group of young Torinese students,[3] among them, who was their firstpresident, Eugenio Canfari, and his brother Enrico, author of the company's historical memory;[6][7][8] they are managed by the industrial Agnelli family since 1923, which constitutes the oldest sporting partnership in Italy, thus making Juventus the first professional club in the country.[9][10] Over time, the club has become a symbol of the nation's cultureand italianità ("Italianness"),[11][12][13] due to their tradition of success, some of which have had a significant impact in Italian society, especially in the 1930s and the first postwar decade;[14] and the ideological politics and socio-economic origin of the club's sympathisers.[15] This is reflected, among others, in the club's contribution to the national team, uninterrupted since the second half of 1920s and recognised as one of the most influential in international football, having performed a decisive role in the World Cup triumphs of 1934, 1982 and 2006.[16][17] The club's fan base is larger than any other Italian football club and is one of the largest world-wide. Support for Juventus is widespread throughout the country and abroad, mainly in countries with a significant presence of Italian immigrants.[18][19]
Juventus are historically the most successful club in Italian football and one of the most laureated and important globally.[20][21][22] Overall, they have won fifty-three official titles on the national and international stage, more than any other Italian club: a record twenty-eight league titles, a record nine Italian cups and five national super cups and, with eleven titles in confederation and inter-confederation competitions (two Intercontinental Cups, two European Champion Clubs' Cup/UEFA Champions Leagues, one European Cup Winners' Cup, a record three UEFA Cups, one UEFA Intertoto Cup and two UEFA Super Cups) the club currently ranks fourth in Europe and eighth in the world with the most trophies won.[23] In 1985, under the management of Giovanni Trapattoni, who led the Torinese team to thirteen official trophies in ten years until 1986, including six league titles and five international titles; Juventus became the first club in the history of European football to have won all three major competitions organised by the Union of European Football Associations: the European Champions' Cup, the (now-defunct) Cup Winners' Cup and the UEFA Cup (the first Italian and Southern European side to win the tournament).[24][25][26] After their triumph in the Intercontinental Cup the same year, the club also became the first in football history—and remain the only one at present—to have won all possible official continental competitions and the world title.[27][28][29][30] According to the all-time ranking published in 2009 by the International Federation of Football History and Statistics, an organization recognised by FIFA, based on clubs' performance in international competitions, Juventus were Italy's best club and second in Europe of the 20th century.[
Juveee
Juventus Football Club S.p.A. (BIT: JUVE) (from Latin[4] iuventus: youth, pronounced [juˈvɛntus]), commonly referred to as Juventus and colloquially as Juve (pronounced [ˈjuːve]),[5] are a professional Italian association football club based in Turin, Piedmont. The club is the third oldest of its kind in the country and has spent the majority of its history, with the exception of the 2006–07 season, in the top flight First Division (known as Serie A since 1929).
Founded in 1897 as Sport Club Juventus by a group of young Torinese students,[3] among them, who was their firstpresident, Eugenio Canfari, and his brother Enrico, author of the company's historical memory;[6][7][8] they are managed by the industrial Agnelli family since 1923, which constitutes the oldest sporting partnership in Italy, thus making Juventus the first professional club in the country.[9][10] Over time, the club has become a symbol of the nation's cultureand italianità ("Italianness"),[11][12][13] due to their tradition of success, some of which have had a significant impact in Italian society, especially in the 1930s and the first postwar decade;[14] and the ideological politics and socio-economic origin of the club's sympathisers.[15] This is reflected, among others, in the club's contribution to the national team, uninterrupted since the second half of 1920s and recognised as one of the most influential in international football, having performed a decisive role in the World Cup triumphs of 1934, 1982 and 2006.[16][17] The club's fan base is larger than any other Italian football club and is one of the largest world-wide. Support for Juventus is widespread throughout the country and abroad, mainly in countries with a significant presence of Italian immigrants.[18][19]
Juventus are historically the most successful club in Italian football and one of the most laureated and important globally.[20][21][22] Overall, they have won fifty-three official titles on the national and international stage, more than any other Italian club: a record twenty-eight league titles, a record nine Italian cups and five national super cups and, with eleven titles in confederation and inter-confederation competitions (two Intercontinental Cups, two European Champion Clubs' Cup/UEFA Champions Leagues, one European Cup Winners' Cup, a record three UEFA Cups, one UEFA Intertoto Cup and two UEFA Super Cups) the club currently ranks fourth in Europe and eighth in the world with the most trophies won.[23] In 1985, under the management of Giovanni Trapattoni, who led the Torinese team to thirteen official trophies in ten years until 1986, including six league titles and five international titles; Juventus became the first club in the history of European football to have won all three major competitions organised by the Union of European Football Associations: the European Champions' Cup, the (now-defunct) Cup Winners' Cup and the UEFA Cup (the first Italian and Southern European side to win the tournament).[24][25][26] After their triumph in the Intercontinental Cup the same year, the club also became the first in football history—and remain the only one at present—to have won all possible official continental competitions and the world title.[27][28][29][30] According to the all-time ranking published in 2009 by the International Federation of Football History and Statistics, an organization recognised by FIFA, based on clubs' performance in international competitions, Juventus were Italy's best club and second in Europe of the 20th century.[
Founded in 1897 as Sport Club Juventus by a group of young Torinese students,[3] among them, who was their firstpresident, Eugenio Canfari, and his brother Enrico, author of the company's historical memory;[6][7][8] they are managed by the industrial Agnelli family since 1923, which constitutes the oldest sporting partnership in Italy, thus making Juventus the first professional club in the country.[9][10] Over time, the club has become a symbol of the nation's cultureand italianità ("Italianness"),[11][12][13] due to their tradition of success, some of which have had a significant impact in Italian society, especially in the 1930s and the first postwar decade;[14] and the ideological politics and socio-economic origin of the club's sympathisers.[15] This is reflected, among others, in the club's contribution to the national team, uninterrupted since the second half of 1920s and recognised as one of the most influential in international football, having performed a decisive role in the World Cup triumphs of 1934, 1982 and 2006.[16][17] The club's fan base is larger than any other Italian football club and is one of the largest world-wide. Support for Juventus is widespread throughout the country and abroad, mainly in countries with a significant presence of Italian immigrants.[18][19]
Juventus are historically the most successful club in Italian football and one of the most laureated and important globally.[20][21][22] Overall, they have won fifty-three official titles on the national and international stage, more than any other Italian club: a record twenty-eight league titles, a record nine Italian cups and five national super cups and, with eleven titles in confederation and inter-confederation competitions (two Intercontinental Cups, two European Champion Clubs' Cup/UEFA Champions Leagues, one European Cup Winners' Cup, a record three UEFA Cups, one UEFA Intertoto Cup and two UEFA Super Cups) the club currently ranks fourth in Europe and eighth in the world with the most trophies won.[23] In 1985, under the management of Giovanni Trapattoni, who led the Torinese team to thirteen official trophies in ten years until 1986, including six league titles and five international titles; Juventus became the first club in the history of European football to have won all three major competitions organised by the Union of European Football Associations: the European Champions' Cup, the (now-defunct) Cup Winners' Cup and the UEFA Cup (the first Italian and Southern European side to win the tournament).[24][25][26] After their triumph in the Intercontinental Cup the same year, the club also became the first in football history—and remain the only one at present—to have won all possible official continental competitions and the world title.[27][28][29][30] According to the all-time ranking published in 2009 by the International Federation of Football History and Statistics, an organization recognised by FIFA, based on clubs' performance in international competitions, Juventus were Italy's best club and second in Europe of the 20th century.[
Grande
Juventus Football Club S.p.A. (BIT: JUVE) (from Latin[4] iuventus: youth, pronounced [juˈvɛntus]), commonly referred to as Juventus and colloquially as Juve (pronounced [ˈjuːve]),[5] are a professional Italian association football club based in Turin, Piedmont. The club is the third oldest of its kind in the country and has spent the majority of its history, with the exception of the 2006–07 season, in the top flight First Division (known as Serie A since 1929).
Founded in 1897 as Sport Club Juventus by a group of young Torinese students,[3] among them, who was their firstpresident, Eugenio Canfari, and his brother Enrico, author of the company's historical memory;[6][7][8] they are managed by the industrial Agnelli family since 1923, which constitutes the oldest sporting partnership in Italy, thus making Juventus the first professional club in the country.[9][10] Over time, the club has become a symbol of the nation's cultureand italianità ("Italianness"),[11][12][13] due to their tradition of success, some of which have had a significant impact in Italian society, especially in the 1930s and the first postwar decade;[14] and the ideological politics and socio-economic origin of the club's sympathisers.[15] This is reflected, among others, in the club's contribution to the national team, uninterrupted since the second half of 1920s and recognised as one of the most influential in international football, having performed a decisive role in the World Cup triumphs of 1934, 1982 and 2006.[16][17] The club's fan base is larger than any other Italian football club and is one of the largest world-wide. Support for Juventus is widespread throughout the country and abroad, mainly in countries with a significant presence of Italian immigrants.[18][19]
Juventus are historically the most successful club in Italian football and one of the most laureated and important globally.[20][21][22] Overall, they have won fifty-three official titles on the national and international stage, more than any other Italian club: a record twenty-eight league titles, a record nine Italian cups and five national super cups and, with eleven titles in confederation and inter-confederation competitions (two Intercontinental Cups, two European Champion Clubs' Cup/UEFA Champions Leagues, one European Cup Winners' Cup, a record three UEFA Cups, one UEFA Intertoto Cup and two UEFA Super Cups) the club currently ranks fourth in Europe and eighth in the world with the most trophies won.[23] In 1985, under the management of Giovanni Trapattoni, who led the Torinese team to thirteen official trophies in ten years until 1986, including six league titles and five international titles; Juventus became the first club in the history of European football to have won all three major competitions organised by the Union of European Football Associations: the European Champions' Cup, the (now-defunct) Cup Winners' Cup and the UEFA Cup (the first Italian and Southern European side to win the tournament).[24][25][26] After their triumph in the Intercontinental Cup the same year, the club also became the first in football history—and remain the only one at present—to have won all possible official continental competitions and the world title.[27][28][29][30] According to the all-time ranking published in 2009 by the International Federation of Football History and Statistics, an organization recognised by FIFA, based on clubs' performance in international competitions, Juventus were Italy's best club and second in Europe of the 20th century.[
Founded in 1897 as Sport Club Juventus by a group of young Torinese students,[3] among them, who was their firstpresident, Eugenio Canfari, and his brother Enrico, author of the company's historical memory;[6][7][8] they are managed by the industrial Agnelli family since 1923, which constitutes the oldest sporting partnership in Italy, thus making Juventus the first professional club in the country.[9][10] Over time, the club has become a symbol of the nation's cultureand italianità ("Italianness"),[11][12][13] due to their tradition of success, some of which have had a significant impact in Italian society, especially in the 1930s and the first postwar decade;[14] and the ideological politics and socio-economic origin of the club's sympathisers.[15] This is reflected, among others, in the club's contribution to the national team, uninterrupted since the second half of 1920s and recognised as one of the most influential in international football, having performed a decisive role in the World Cup triumphs of 1934, 1982 and 2006.[16][17] The club's fan base is larger than any other Italian football club and is one of the largest world-wide. Support for Juventus is widespread throughout the country and abroad, mainly in countries with a significant presence of Italian immigrants.[18][19]
Juventus are historically the most successful club in Italian football and one of the most laureated and important globally.[20][21][22] Overall, they have won fifty-three official titles on the national and international stage, more than any other Italian club: a record twenty-eight league titles, a record nine Italian cups and five national super cups and, with eleven titles in confederation and inter-confederation competitions (two Intercontinental Cups, two European Champion Clubs' Cup/UEFA Champions Leagues, one European Cup Winners' Cup, a record three UEFA Cups, one UEFA Intertoto Cup and two UEFA Super Cups) the club currently ranks fourth in Europe and eighth in the world with the most trophies won.[23] In 1985, under the management of Giovanni Trapattoni, who led the Torinese team to thirteen official trophies in ten years until 1986, including six league titles and five international titles; Juventus became the first club in the history of European football to have won all three major competitions organised by the Union of European Football Associations: the European Champions' Cup, the (now-defunct) Cup Winners' Cup and the UEFA Cup (the first Italian and Southern European side to win the tournament).[24][25][26] After their triumph in the Intercontinental Cup the same year, the club also became the first in football history—and remain the only one at present—to have won all possible official continental competitions and the world title.[27][28][29][30] According to the all-time ranking published in 2009 by the International Federation of Football History and Statistics, an organization recognised by FIFA, based on clubs' performance in international competitions, Juventus were Italy's best club and second in Europe of the 20th century.[
La Storia
Juventus Football Club S.p.A. (BIT: JUVE) (from Latin[4] iuventus: youth, pronounced [juˈvɛntus]), commonly referred to as Juventus and colloquially as Juve (pronounced [ˈjuːve]),[5] are a professional Italian association football club based in Turin, Piedmont. The club is the third oldest of its kind in the country and has spent the majority of its history, with the exception of the 2006–07 season, in the top flight First Division (known as Serie A since 1929).
Founded in 1897 as Sport Club Juventus by a group of young Torinese students,[3] among them, who was their firstpresident, Eugenio Canfari, and his brother Enrico, author of the company's historical memory;[6][7][8] they are managed by the industrial Agnelli family since 1923, which constitutes the oldest sporting partnership in Italy, thus making Juventus the first professional club in the country.[9][10] Over time, the club has become a symbol of the nation's cultureand italianità ("Italianness"),[11][12][13] due to their tradition of success, some of which have had a significant impact in Italian society, especially in the 1930s and the first postwar decade;[14] and the ideological politics and socio-economic origin of the club's sympathisers.[15] This is reflected, among others, in the club's contribution to the national team, uninterrupted since the second half of 1920s and recognised as one of the most influential in international football, having performed a decisive role in the World Cup triumphs of 1934, 1982 and 2006.[16][17] The club's fan base is larger than any other Italian football club and is one of the largest world-wide. Support for Juventus is widespread throughout the country and abroad, mainly in countries with a significant presence of Italian immigrants.[18][19]
Juventus are historically the most successful club in Italian football and one of the most laureated and important globally.[20][21][22] Overall, they have won fifty-three official titles on the national and international stage, more than any other Italian club: a record twenty-eight league titles, a record nine Italian cups and five national super cups and, with eleven titles in confederation and inter-confederation competitions (two Intercontinental Cups, two European Champion Clubs' Cup/UEFA Champions Leagues, one European Cup Winners' Cup, a record three UEFA Cups, one UEFA Intertoto Cup and two UEFA Super Cups) the club currently ranks fourth in Europe and eighth in the world with the most trophies won.[23] In 1985, under the management of Giovanni Trapattoni, who led the Torinese team to thirteen official trophies in ten years until 1986, including six league titles and five international titles; Juventus became the first club in the history of European football to have won all three major competitions organised by the Union of European Football Associations: the European Champions' Cup, the (now-defunct) Cup Winners' Cup and the UEFA Cup (the first Italian and Southern European side to win the tournament).[24][25][26] After their triumph in the Intercontinental Cup the same year, the club also became the first in football history—and remain the only one at present—to have won all possible official continental competitions and the world title.[27][28][29][30] According to the all-time ranking published in 2009 by the International Federation of Football History and Statistics, an organization recognised by FIFA, based on clubs' performance in international competitions, Juventus were Italy's best club and second in Europe of the 20th century.[
Founded in 1897 as Sport Club Juventus by a group of young Torinese students,[3] among them, who was their firstpresident, Eugenio Canfari, and his brother Enrico, author of the company's historical memory;[6][7][8] they are managed by the industrial Agnelli family since 1923, which constitutes the oldest sporting partnership in Italy, thus making Juventus the first professional club in the country.[9][10] Over time, the club has become a symbol of the nation's cultureand italianità ("Italianness"),[11][12][13] due to their tradition of success, some of which have had a significant impact in Italian society, especially in the 1930s and the first postwar decade;[14] and the ideological politics and socio-economic origin of the club's sympathisers.[15] This is reflected, among others, in the club's contribution to the national team, uninterrupted since the second half of 1920s and recognised as one of the most influential in international football, having performed a decisive role in the World Cup triumphs of 1934, 1982 and 2006.[16][17] The club's fan base is larger than any other Italian football club and is one of the largest world-wide. Support for Juventus is widespread throughout the country and abroad, mainly in countries with a significant presence of Italian immigrants.[18][19]
Juventus are historically the most successful club in Italian football and one of the most laureated and important globally.[20][21][22] Overall, they have won fifty-three official titles on the national and international stage, more than any other Italian club: a record twenty-eight league titles, a record nine Italian cups and five national super cups and, with eleven titles in confederation and inter-confederation competitions (two Intercontinental Cups, two European Champion Clubs' Cup/UEFA Champions Leagues, one European Cup Winners' Cup, a record three UEFA Cups, one UEFA Intertoto Cup and two UEFA Super Cups) the club currently ranks fourth in Europe and eighth in the world with the most trophies won.[23] In 1985, under the management of Giovanni Trapattoni, who led the Torinese team to thirteen official trophies in ten years until 1986, including six league titles and five international titles; Juventus became the first club in the history of European football to have won all three major competitions organised by the Union of European Football Associations: the European Champions' Cup, the (now-defunct) Cup Winners' Cup and the UEFA Cup (the first Italian and Southern European side to win the tournament).[24][25][26] After their triumph in the Intercontinental Cup the same year, the club also became the first in football history—and remain the only one at present—to have won all possible official continental competitions and the world title.[27][28][29][30] According to the all-time ranking published in 2009 by the International Federation of Football History and Statistics, an organization recognised by FIFA, based on clubs' performance in international competitions, Juventus were Italy's best club and second in Europe of the 20th century.[